FW: Supernova SN 2014J Explodes No digan que no les avise asi se protegen :=)

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> Supernova SN 2014J Explodes
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> 08/14/2014 12:00 PM EDT
> New data from NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory has provided stringent
> constraints on the environment around one of the closest supernovas discovered
> in decades. The Chandra results provide insight into possible cause of the
> explosion, as described in our press release.   On January 21, 2014,
> astronomers witnessed a supernova soon after it exploded in the Messier 82, or
> M82, galaxy. Telescopes across the globe and in space turned their attention
> to study this newly exploded star, including Chandra.  Astronomers
> determined that this supernova, dubbed SN 2014J, belongs to a class of
> explosions called “Type Ia” supernovas. These supernovas are used as cosmic
> distance-markers and played a key role in the discovery of the Universe’s
> accelerated expansion, which has been attributed to the effects of dark
> energy.  Scientists think that all Type Ia supernovas involve the detonation
> of a white dwarf. One important question is whether the fuse on the explosion
> is lit when the white dwarf pulls too much material from a companion star like
> the Sun, or when two white dwarf stars merge.    This image contains Chandra
> data, where low, medium, and high-energy X-rays are red, green, and blue
> respectively. The boxes in the bottom of the image show close-up views of the
> region around the supernova in data taken prior to the explosion (left), as
> well as data gathered on February 3, 2014, after the supernova went
> off (right).  The lack  of the detection of X-rays detected by Chandra is an
> important clue for astronomers looking for the exact mechanism of how this
> star exploded.   The non-detection of X-rays reveals that the region around
> the site of the supernova explosion is relatively devoid of material. This
> finding is a critical clue to the origin of the explosion. Astronomers
> expect that if a white dwarf exploded because it had been steadily collecting
> matter from a companion star prior to exploding, the mass transfer process
> would not be 100% efficient, and the white dwarf would be immersed in a cloud
> of gas.   If a significant amount of material were surrounding the doomed
> star, the blast wave generated by the supernova would have struck it by the
> time of the Chandra observation, producing a bright X-ray source. Since they
> do not detect any X-rays, the researchers determined that the region around SN
> 2014J is exceptionally clean.   A viable candidate for the cause of SN 2014J
> must explain the relatively gas-free environment around the star prior to the
> explosion.  One possibility is the merger of two white dwarf stars, in which
> case there might have been little mass transfer and pollution of the
> environment before the explosion. Another is that several smaller eruptions on
> the surface of the white dwarf cleared the region prior to the
> supernova.  Further observations a few hundred days after the explosion could
> shed light on the amount of gas in a larger volume, and help decide between
> these and other scenarios.   A paper describing these results was published in
> the July 20 issue of The Astrophysical Journal and is available online. The
> first author is Raffaella Margutti from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for
> Astrophysics (CfA) in Cambridge, MA, and the co-authors are Jerod Parrent
> (CfA), Atish Kamble (CfA), Alicia Soderberg (CfA), Ryan Foley (University of
> Illinois at Urbana-Champaign), Dan Milisavljevic (CfA), Maria Drout (CfA), and
> Robert Kirshner (CfA). Image Credit: NASA/CXC/SAO/R.Margutti et al › View
> large image › Chandra on Flickr
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