The current default eden size for 64-bits is 8 Mb which is too small. The performance cost of generation scavenging on 64-bits is radically different at 8Mb vs e.g. 64Mb. For example, here are the GC stats and the time to run for recompiling the Morphic package in a trunk Squeak 640-bit image, collected by running
FileStream stdout print: [(PackageInfo named: 'Morphic') methods do:
[:mr| mr actualClass recompile: mr selector]] timeToRun; cr.
FileStream stdout nextPutAll:
(Smalltalk vm vmStatisticsReportString
replaceAll: Character cr with: Character linefeed)
squeak> 7061
uptime 0m 7s
memory 85,073,920 bytes
old 76,121,888 bytes (89.5%)
young 7,190,528 bytes (8.5%)
used 54,408,216 bytes (64%)
free 26,774,568 bytes (31.5%)
GCs 195 (38.2 ms between GCs)
full 0 totalling 0 ms (0% runtime), avg 0 ms
scavenges 195 totalling 82 ms (1.1% runtime), avg 0.4 ms
tenures 21,139 (avg 108 tenures per scavenge)
Code compactions
0
Aeolus.image$ spur64cfvm -eden 60m spurreader-64. <RecompileMorphicAndReport.st
squeak> 6968
uptime 0m 7s
memory 140,648,448 bytes
old 76,121,888 bytes (54.1%)
young 61,896,704 bytes (44%)
used 62,854,824 bytes (44.7%)
free 43,764,376 bytes (31.1%)
GCs 23 (318.5 ms between GCs)
full 0 totalling 0 ms (0% runtime), avg 0 ms
scavenges 23 totalling 30 ms (0.41% runtime), avg 1.3 ms
tenures 0
Code compactions
0
While the run-time varies very little (7 seconds to 6.97 seconds), the number of scavenges goes down enormously. The reason the run-time is relatively unaffected is because the generation scavenger is quite efficient. At an 8mb young space we see 195 scavenges with about a 1.1% runtime overhead. But at a 64mb young space we see 23 scavenges (a ratio of about 8, which mirrors the ratio of the sizes), but the run-time overhead is now only 0.41%; 82ms overhead vs 30ms overhead. So a larger young space is a good idea.
The suggestion here is that on 64-bit platforms we tailor the default young space size to the available memory. See e.g. https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2513505/how-to-get-available-memory-c-g which provides code above sysconf on Unix and GlobalMemoryStatusEx on WIN32 for obtaining the total amount of physical memory available. Therefore we could use a larger young space on systems with a lot more memory; for example 2Mb of young space per Gb of physical memory would give a 64-mb young space on 32Gb machines such as my fully loaded 2018 MacBook Pro Core i9.
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